in recognition of his lifetime achievements in theoretical astrophysics and planetary sciences.
for his relentless elucidation of the major receptor system that mediates the response of cells and organs to drugs and hormones.
for initiating and developing a grand unifying vision of mathematics that connects prime numbers with symmetry.
for discovering that the expansion rate of the universe is accelerating, implying in the simplest interpretation that the energy density of space is non-vanishing even in the absence of any matter and radiation.
for his discovery of the biochemical basis of programmed cell death, a vital process that balances cell birth and defends against cancer.
for David Mumford’s contributions to mathematics, and to the new interdisciplinary fields of pattern theory and vision research; and for Wentsun Wu’s contributions to the new interdisciplinary field of mathematics mechanization.